Oxygen steelmaking
- Hot metal pretreatment
- Current status and new developments in converter technology
- New installations and revampings
- Fundamentals of oxygen steelmaking process
- Converter charge materials and their preparation
- Ladle metallurgy
- Converter refractory linings and durability
- Plant operation experiences
- Automation and on-line process analyses
- By products, recycling and environment
- Waste heat recovery
- Modelling and simulation
- Slag treatment
Electric steelmaking
- Equipment
- Current status and new developments in EAF technology
- Fundamentals in electric steelmaking
- Process control, automation and modelling
- Metallurgy of electric steelmaking
- Ladle metallurgy
- Electrodes
- Injection of coal
- Refractory linings and durability
- Use of DRI and HBI in electric arc furnaces
- Energy efficiency and energy recovery, Ladle metallurgy
- Waste gas treatment
- Slag treatment
Continuous casting, near-net shape casting and ingot casting
- Formation of non-metallic compounds in the solidification process
- Metallurgy and flow control in the tundish
- Refractory materials and tundish lining
- Heats scheduling and management
- Continuous casting technology
- Mould performance and initial solidification
- Mould lubrication
- Flow control in the tundish, mold and strand
- Metallurgy of ingots for forging processes
- Control of solidification structures and management of defects
- Special technologies for high performance steels
- Steel yield and productivity improvements
- Application and control of electromagnetic fields
- Metallurgical and operational results
- Quality control and detection of defects
- Solidification, segregation and high temperature behavior
- Process development and optimization
- Computer simulations and modelling of solidification, ingot castings and CC process
- Automation, maintenance, on-line machine control
- New installations and revampings
- Safety and environmental aspects
- Downstream processing of CC products and of ingots
- New casting processes
- Product quality (surface defects, internal quality)
- In-line rolling
- Near net shape casting, thin and medium slabs
- Strip casting, beam blank casting
- Research in progress
- Remelting